NIGERIA, a nation endowed with rich cultural diversity and vast resources, has long grappled with the challenge of effectively managing its federal system of governance. The current structure, established upon gaining independence in 1960, faces numerous hurdles that impede the realisation of true federalism and hinder effective governance. These obstacles have contributed to social, economic, and political disparities, fostering widespread discontent and unrest among the populace. However, amidst these challenges lies a promising solution: advocating for a return to the 1960 Constitution. This historical document embodies principles that hold the potential to address the shortcomings of the current system and lay the groundwork for a more equitable and efficient federal structure.
Challenges of the current federal system
The over-centralisation of power in the federal government is one of the primary challenges facing Nigeria’s federal system. Decisions regarding key aspects of governance, such as resource allocation, economic policy, and social development, are predominantly made at the federal level, limiting the autonomy and authority of states and local governments. This setup disconnects local communities from decision-making processes and hinders the tailored addressing of local needs and challenges. Consequently, development projects suffer from inefficiencies and fail to effectively address regional disparities.
Moreover, the unequal distribution of resources exacerbates economic disparities among states and regions, fuelling feelings of marginalisation and agitations for restructuring. The dominance of oil revenue further exacerbates this issue, as it leaves states vulnerable to global oil price fluctuations and hinders economic diversification. Consequently, states with limited access to oil reserves struggle to develop and thrive, perpetuating regional inequalities and fostering a sense of disenchantment among the populace.
Advocating for a return to the 1960 Constitution
One promising solution to address these challenges lies in advocating for a return to the 1960 Constitution. This historical document, which granted autonomy to the regions and allowed them to control their resources, embodies principles of true federalism that can foster a more balanced distribution of power and resources among federal, state, and local levels of government.
By embracing the principles outlined in the 1960 Constitution, Nigeria may be able to reclaim its commitment to true federalism, fostering a more cohesive and inclusive society while propelling the nation towards sustainable development and growth. Advocating for a return to this constitution involves building a coalition of stakeholders who recognise the pressing need for constitutional reform and are committed to addressing the challenges facing the current federal structure.
Building a coalition for change
Advocating for a return to the 1960 Constitution requires broad-based support across diverse sectors of society. It involves engaging stakeholders, raising public awareness, and conducting constructive dialogue with policymakers. Key stakeholders include policymakers, civil society organisations, community leaders, academics, religious figures, and representatives of marginalised groups.
Establishing a coalition entails reaching out to influential individuals and organisations who share a common vision for a more equitable and efficient federal system. This involves laying the foundation for a diverse and inclusive movement that transcends demographic, socio-economic, and political affiliations. By harnessing the collective voice and influence of these stakeholders, the coalition can articulate a compelling case for the restoration of the 1960 Constitution and the principles it embodies.
Moreover, the coalition’s efforts will extend to conducting advocacy campaigns aimed at raising public awareness about the benefits of constitutional reform and the potential impact on governance, resource allocation, and economic development. This may involve organising public forums, town hall meetings, media engagements, and educational initiatives to foster an informed citizenry that actively participates in the discourse surrounding federalism and constitutional change.
Additionally, the coalition will engage in constructive dialogue with policymakers, lawmakers, and other decision-makers at local, state, and federal levels. This dialogue will aim at garnering support for constitutional reform by presenting evidence-based arguments, proposing viable alternatives, and articulating the potential positive outcomes of adopting a more equitable and efficient federal system.
Advocating for change
Emphasising the benefits of true federalism and highlighting its potential to foster inclusive governance are crucial aspects of the advocacy effort. True federalism offers numerous advantages, including greater transparency, accountability, and effective governance. By devolving power and resources to the subnational levels, it can promote local innovation, responsive governance, and a more equitable distribution of development opportunities and benefits.
Furthermore, returning to the 1960 Constitution can empower regions and states to harness their unique potential and contribute to the overall progress of the nation. By allowing for a more equitable and decentralised approach to resource allocation, it could support the diversification of the economy, promote local development, and address the persistent economic disparities among the states and regions of Nigeria.
Moreover, embracing the principles of true federalism can create a platform for sustainable development, economic prosperity, and inclusive governance, contributing to Nigeria’s advancement and well-being as a nation. By fostering an environment where the diverse needs and aspirations of its people are recognised and addressed, true federalism can unlock Nigeria’s full capacity for growth and progress.
Advocating for a return to the 1960 Constitution is essential for addressing the challenges hindering the realisation of true federalism in Nigeria. This undertaking demands a cohesive and collaborative approach, engaging all stakeholders to work towards a united consensus for constitutional reform.
By collectively addressing these challenges and championing the cause for constitutional reform, Nigeria can pave the way for the realisation of true federalism. Such a transformation has the potential to unlock the country’s full capacity for growth and progress, fostering an environment where the diverse needs and aspirations of its people are recognised and addressed.
Ultimately, the pursuit of true federalism can create a platform for sustainable development, economic prosperity, and inclusive governance, contributing to Nigeria’s advancement and well-being as a nation.
Professor Ojo Emmanuel Ademola is the first Nigerian Professor of Cyber Security and Information Technology Management, and the first Professor of African descent to be awarded a Chartered Manager Status