THE African Development Bank (AfDB) President, Akinwumi Adesina, has addressed the challenge of post-harvest losses in Africa, while outlining the importance of policy regulations to end the losses in a continent that spends $35bn on food imports each year.
‘Massive quantities of food crops, fresh fruits and vegetables and dairy products go to waste in rural areas, while Africa depends on food imports,’ President Adesina said early September in his keynote address at the African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF) in Nairobi.
Adesina underlined the importance of policies to support the establishment of private sector-driven food processing and manufacturing companies in rural areas to deal with the immense food waste, enough to feed at least 300 million people a year.
‘That is more than the 250 million people that go hungry each year in Africa,’ he told a session on the “Role of Policy in Enabling Public-Private Partnerships to Achieve African Agricultural Transformation”.
Reports indicate that post-harvest losses (PHL) in Africa are equivalent to the annual caloric requirement of 48 million people, and worth $4bn in lost revenue per year.
The agro-allied industrial zones and staple-crop processing zones in rural areas, supported with consolidated infrastructure, including roads, water, electricity, will drive down the cost of doing business for private food and agribusiness firms, Adesina said. They will also create markets for farmers, boost economic opportunities in rural areas, stimulate jobs and attract higher domestic and foreign investments in the rural areas. ‘They will turn the rural areas into zones of economic prosperity,’ he said.
Kenya has instituted policies to accommodate crop processing, such as macadamia nuts, the country’s minister of agriculture, livestock and fisheries, Willy Bett, told the forum. ‘We have changed our policies to include processing of macadamia nuts. We want production and processing to be done here so that we boost the industry and mostly the local farmers,’ he said.
The inability of farmers to access insurance and finance was emphasised as a major setback to agriculture, with Shenggen Fan, the director general of the International Food Policy Research Institute, blaming this for making farmers susceptible to shocks. He said access to financing was necessary to protect farmers against vulnerability.
This was reiterated by President Adesina, who noted that, despite accounting for some 32 percent of the GDP, the agriculture sector receives less than 3 percent of the banking sector’s financing. He called on governments to address failures and reduce the risks facing the financial sector that block lending to agriculture.
Nigeria was cited as a country that has successfully developed a national risk-sharing facility for banks to lend to agriculture. Through the Nigeria Incentive-Based Risk Sharing System for Agricultural Lending (NIRSAL), the country witnessed a 600 percent increase in lending by banks to the agriculture sector, rising from 0.7 percent of total bank lending to 5 percent within four years. This has since led to banks establishing their own agricultural lending desks.
But investments in science, technology and innovation in Africa’s agriculture are equally important, according to Dominique Charron, the director for agriculture and environment at the Ottawa-based International Development Research Centre. ‘If you want to transform agriculture, we need to invest in innovation, ICT, science, and help build the capacity of Africa’s farmers in these areas,’ Charron told the forum.
She called for part of the financial pledges to agriculture made by several organisations at the ongoing AGRF to be channeled toward innovation, ICT and science. A session on “Making Political, Policy and Financial Commitments” saw several organisations, including the AfDB, make commitments to agriculture amounting to over $30bn.